Table of Functional Murmurs

Functional Murmurs

These are the most frequently encountered murmurs in children and adolescents. The Table of Functional Murmurs summarizes the various types and the salient features of functional murmurs. You must remember that functional murmurs have no hemodynamic influence on the cardiovascular system, therefore the precordial impulse is normal. S2 is physiologically split and the peripheral pulses are normal. Fever, anemia and anxiety are among the most common causes of functional murmurs. In neonates, functional murmurs past the first 24-72 hours of life are rare.

Table of Functional Murmurs

Types and features of functional murmurs
Venous Hum	Systolic and diastolic	Sitting only
Vibratory Murmur	Midsystolic	Musical quality
Pulmonic Ejection	Ejection without a click	Normal S2
Carotid Bruit	Short systolic	Carotid area
Physiologic PPS*	Short systolic, bilateral	Transmitted throughout lung fields

*Peripheral pulmonic stenosis most common in pre-term infants.

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